in civil law it must contain denials of all allegations in the plaintiff's complaint that the defendant hopes to controvert and it can contain affirmative defenses or counterclaims n
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in civil law it must contain denials of all allegations in the plaintiff's complaint that the defendant hopes to controvert and it can contain affirmative defenses or counterclaims n a nonverbal reaction v react verbally v respond to a signal v give the correct answer or solution to v understand the meaning of v give a defence or refutation of (a charge) or in (an argument) v be liable or accountable v be sufficient
